Volodimyr VOROVKA

FORMATION, DEVELOPMENT AND THE ESSENCE OF THE NOTION OF “PARADYNAMIC LANDSCAPE SYSTEM” IN THE SCIENCE OF GEOGRAPHY.

A process of the formation and development of the notion of “paradynamic landscape system” in the science of geography has been analyzed. The essence of its modern understanding has been revealed. We have found out that contrastiveness of environments, a fundamental regularity of the science of geography, forms a basis of its functioning. We understand the paradynamic landscape system as a system of spatially adjacent contrast landscape complexes with the interchange of substance, energy and information between them. It is a specific category of landscape complexes whose basis is not an inner structure but an interaction between components. The priority of the phenomena of paradynamism and paragenetism has been determined. In geography they coexist as interconnected and interdependent. However, we consider paradynamism as a priority one, for a process component is the basis of interaction. The phenomenon of paragenetism is a particular variety of paradynamic landscape systems. The necessity of using the principle of contrastiveness in studying paradynamic landscape complexes and systems has been proved. It has been discovered that paradynamic landscape systems are being formed in the contact area of differently contrastive environments – land and water – within the coastal belts, mountains and plains, hills and lowlands as well as the strata of atmosphere, lithosphere and hydrosphere, complicated by elements of biosphere. We have found out that the complicated system of interactions in the coastal zone is explained by a considerable concentration of variously directed substance and energy streams and shifts (longitudinal and diametrical ones). They are caused by many factors: a complicated configuration of the coastal line, its spatial orientation, predominance of wind streams of some direction and their power, availability of river mouth systems, character of water mass circulation, etc. It has been ascertained that the complication and polycomponentism of the paradynamic landscape system is determined by a totality of all territorially adjoining landscape complexes, directly contacting and interacting with the system central complex. The better and clearer are paradynamic systems, the more contrastive are their constituent complexes. The importance of the development of this research direction for modern landscape science has been proved.

Key words: paradynamic landscape system, geography, differently contrastive environments.

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