Vladislav RIPA, Irina FILONENKO, Yuri FILONENKO.

CATALONIAN SEPARATISM IS A CHALLENGE FOR UNITY OF SPAIN AND EUROPE

The article is devoted to the study of the problem of separatism in Spain – a country with the hottest cell manifestation of this phenomenon in modern Europe. Among the 19 autonomous regions of the country during the last time, the separatist movement has gained particular activity in Catalonia. At the heart of the study is the study of the historical peculiarities of the development of separatism in Catalonia and the reasons that led to the emergence of separatist sentiments in this autonomy. In the course of the study, the main causes of Catalan separatism – economic, ethno-political and political – were considered, an analysis of the intensity of the influence of each of these reasons, the degree of their significance as being conducive to separatism. The dominant role in shaping the manifestations of separatism in Catalonia is due to economic factors, in particular, the reluctance to finance the more backward regions, and in the form and intensity of its manifestation, Catalan separatism is regarded as active, secessional. The possible consequences of the intensification of separatism in Catalonia for Spain and Europe as a whole have been identified. This situation is a serious threat to the unity of the kingdom, as it can cause a chain reaction and stir up separatism in other autonomous communities where it is in a moderate or passive state, especially in the Basque Country and Galicia, Andalusia, Aragon, Asturias, Cantabria, Castile, Leoni, Balearic the islands The activation of the separatist movement in Catalonia may also intensify the movement for the separation of certain regions from other European countries and create a threat to Europe’s unity. Considered measures to combat separatism in Catalonia, in particular, the effectiveness of combating the active separatism of force methods.

Key words: separatism, Catalonia, secession, causes of separatism, consequences of separatism, methods of counteracting separatism.

References:

  1. Adamyan L.V. Separatism in the world [Electronic resource]. – Mode of access: http://klasnaocinka.com.ua/en/article/separatizm-u-sviti-.html. – Title from the screen.
  2. I. Fly. Spain, Kingdom of Spain // Encyclopedia of modern Ukraine: 30 t. / Ed. count I. M. Dzyuba [and others]; National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, NTSh, Coordination bureau of the encyclopedia of modern Ukraine of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. – K., 2003 – 2016. – ISBN 944-02-3354-X [Electronic resource]. – Access mode: http://esu.com.ua/search_articles.php?id=12749. – Title from the screen.
  3. Stekol’shchikova AV, Khmel A.O. Trends in the development of separatism in Spain at the beginning of the XXI century. – Art. 74-76. [Electronic resource]. – Mode of access: http://lib.chdu.edu.ua/pdf/naukpraci/history/2015/264-251-14.pdf. – Title from the screen.
  4. Karpets O. Catalan syndrome. In turn – the Basque Country, Corsica, Flanders and others [Electronic resource]. – Access mode: https://fraza.ua/analytics/263167-katalonskij-sindrom-na-ocheredi-strana-baskov-korsika-flandrijai-i-drugie. – Title from the screen.
  5. Hear Catalonia: the rebellious region is fighting for it [Electronic resource]. – Access mode: https://vesti-ukr.com/politika/259098-uslyshat-kataloniju-za-chto-boretsja-mjatezhnyj-rehion. – Title from the screen.
  6. Kuhaleishvili G. Catalan separatism: Medieval romance without prospects [Electronic resource]. – Access mode: https://u.112.ua/statji/katalonskyi-separatyzm-serednovichna-romantyka-bez-perspetive-412526.html. – Title from the screen.
  7. Kulik V. Catalan gambit: Will Madrid resign with divorce [Electronic resource]. – Mode of access: https://narodna-pravda.ua/2017/10/05/katalonskyj-gambit-chy-zmyrytsya-madryd-iz-rozluchennyam. – Title from the screen.
  8. Consequences of the referendum in Catalonia: for the month the region has lost 15 thousand jobs [Electronic resource]. – Access mode: http://nv.ua/ukr/world/countries/naslidki-referendumu-u-kataloniji-za-misjats-region-vtrativ-15-tisjach-robochih-mists-2144807.html. – Title from the screen.
  9. The economic crisis in Spain spoiled over 177 thousand enterprises [Electronic resource]. – Mode of access: http://www.epravda.com.ua/news/2012/01/22/313609. – Title from the screen.
  10. Dobrinin V. Spain on the brink of emergency and civil war? [Electronic resource]. – Access mode: https://regnum.ru/news/2279100.html. – Title from the screen.
  11. Moscow held a world congress of separatists for 3.5 state milions [Electronic resource]. – Mode of access: http://www.pravda.com.ua/news/2016/09/25/7121752/. – Title from the screen.
  12. Dobrynin V. Separatism of the Canary Islands: loyalty of the center for its own money [Electronic resource]. – Access mode: https://regnum.ru/news/2268979.html. – Title from the screen.
  13. List of active separatist movements in Europe [Electronic resource]. – Access mode: https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/. – Title from the screen.
  14. Nationalist and regionalist movements in Spain [Electronic resource]. – Access mode: https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nationalist_and_Regionalist_Rules_of Spain. – Title from the screen.
  15. Following the Catalunya, the desire to acquire independence was expressed by Verona [Electronic resource]. – Mode of access: http://wind.ck.ua/2017/10/04/verona-mainame-meet the referendum /. – Title from the screen.
  16. Fashion referendums: originally Catalonia, now – north of Italy [Electronic resource]. – Mode of access: http://www.dw.com/uk/modada-an-referentiumi-spiry-cataloonia-therefore-night-italia/a-41066511. – Title from the screen.
  17. Pucchemone called for the unity of supporters of the independence of Catalonia [Electronic resource]. – Mode of access: http://ua.interfax.com.ua/news/general/460201.html. – Title from the screen.
  18. [International experience of combating separatism: conclusions for Ukraine: analyst. add / O.O. Reznikova, A.O. Misurata, S.V. Dreomov, C. E. Wojtowski. – K.: NISS, 2016. – 52 p. – (Ser. “National Security”, issue 12). ISBN 978-966-554-272-8 [Electronic resource]. – Access mode: http://www.niss.gov.ua/content/articles/files/Separatism_druk-8a53a.pdf. – Title from the screen.
  19. Sami Kohen Separatism in Europe! [Electronic resource]. – Access mode: http://inosmi.ru/world/20140412/219492028.html. – Title from the screen.

PDF