TRENDS IN ADMINISTRATIVE AND TERRITORIAL STRUCTURES OF THE REGION FROM ANTIQUITY TO THE PRESENT TIMES.
The study finds that we may distinguish the following stages in formation of the administrative and territorial structures of Transcarpathia: pre-Slavic (from the earliest times to V century), Slavic (VI-IX centuries), Hungarian (XII century – 1867), Austro-Hungarian (1867-1918), Czechoslovak (1918-1939), Hungarian (1939-1944), Soviet (1945-1991) and Ukrainian (from 1991). In the early stages of territory settlement there were no administrative divisions. On the Slavic stage the factual administrative centers of the region were fortified castles. The first administrative and territorial division of the current Transcarpathian region was made during the times of Hungarian domination. According to which the region was divided into four committees: Uzhanski, Berezki, Uchanski and Maramorosky. The transformation of the administrative structure was held after region being a part of Czechoslovakia, in which the territory comprises one district – Subcarpathian Rus. While during Hungarian domination (1939-1944) the committees (zhupas) were returned. The current administrative division was established in 1946, when Transcarpathia served as a member of USSR. In addition, it was carried out to ensure the effectiveness of command-administrative system of governance. And it no longer meets the present-days realities in terms of socio-economic and socio-political life. During the historic period valid complications of administrative and territorial structure of Trasncarpathia were manifested by increase of administrative units and change of their status. Projects relating to division of the Transcarpathia region into territorial units have been implemented by 2016. But none of these drafts has been adopted by the regional councils. So far, only two territorial units operate: Tyachev unit and Vilhovetskie unit. The decentralization of power, the transformation of local government, the establishment of territorial communities is the essential way to optimize the administrative and territorial structures of Transcarpathia region.
Key words: the administrative and territorial structure; committees; regions; cities of regional significance; territorial committees.
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